Symmetrical and unsymmetrical squaraine sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells: Present day advances and future challenges

The requirement for energy is ever increasing in the past few years due to the need for the innovation of clean energy and eco-friendly technologies. Symmetric and asymmetric SQ-dyes have received increasing attention and great potential for use as SQ-sensitizers for application in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC).This review article gives a synopsis of the advancements on SQ-sensitizers in the domain of DSSC and the chance used to enhance their overall energy conversion efficiency. Specifically, the primary factors in charge of the low values of open-circuit voltage (Voc) short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) and fill factor (FF) are debated in detail. Future orientations in research and expanded absorptions of near-infrared region (NIR) by development organic substances and their applications are suggested from a personal point of view. Copyright © 2018 VBRI Press.